Possible disorders of the complex volitional action of a horting athlete
The combination of positive basal and systemic volitional qualities forms the willpower of a combat horting athlete. It has been established that people with a strong will are characterized by a high level of motivation for achievement.
Motivation for achievement is persistence in achieving one's goal, striving for better results, dissatisfaction with what has been achieved, and an attempt to achieve one's own at any cost. Thus, athletes with a high need for achievement are always looking for situations where they could test their capabilities, are confident in the successful completion of the case, are ready to take responsibility, are decisive in extreme situations, do not lose their balance in competitive conditions, and show great perseverance in overcoming external or internal obstacles.
The highlighted negative qualities characterize a person's willpower weakness. The extreme degree of a person's willpower weakness is beyond the norm. Abulia and apraxia lead to significant disorders of complex volitional action.
Abulia is associated with the inability to make the necessary decision and act. The causes of abulia lie in the violation of the dynamic relationship between the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres and the subcortex. A normal volitional act assumes optimal (not weak and not strong) impulsivity. If the intensity of the impulses is low, then the volitional act is impossible. The same applies to overestimated impulsivity, when desire gives an instant discharge in action (as in a state of affect), that is, there is no conscious consideration of the consequences, consideration of the goal, balancing of motives becomes impossible - the action loses the character of a conscious, selective, volitional.
Understanding the need to carry out the order, a patient with abulia cannot force himself to do it. He is characterized by subordination in behavior to random stimuli that appear in his field of vision. For example, such a person, seeing a flower bed, begins to pluck them, although he had no intention of creating a bouquet and does not know what to do with these flowers.
Apraxia is a complex disorder of the purposefulness of actions, which is caused by local disorders of the frontal areas of the brain. It manifests itself in a violation of the voluntary regulation of movements, actions and behavior in general. Actions are not subject to a given program (a program that goes from the doctor to the patient), although in a familiar specific situation such actions are possible.
For example, the patient could stick out his tongue to moisten his lips when they were dry, but could not perform such an action at the doctor's request. Another could use a spoon and a glass while eating, but without a specific situation he is unable to perform these actions, cannot close his eyes at the doctor's request, although when he is offered to lie down, he does so. All actions of patients with apraxia are chained to specific, directly given situations, from which they are unable to free themselves.
"Horting Encyclopedia"
Eduard Yeromenko
© 2014