A system of measures aimed at improving human health

Physical education is a system of measures aimed at strengthening human health, hardening of the body, development of physical capabilities, motor skills and abilities.

Its task is to create optimal conditions for ensuring optimal physical development of the individual, preserving his health, obtaining knowledge about the peculiarities of the body, physiological processes in it, acquiring sanitary and hygienic skills and skills of caring for one's own body, maintaining and developing its potential capabilities.

The main means of physical education at school include:

— theoretical information (general hygiene and physical exercises, information necessary for independent physical exercises);

— gymnastics classes (exercises that contribute to the general physical development of schoolchildren: general developmental, exercises for forming correct posture, acrobatic, dance exercises, exercises for developing balance, vaulting);

— athletics classes (various types of running, long and high jumps, long-distance throwing);

— outdoor games (development of students' intelligence, agility, speed of action, education of discipline);

— sports games (basketball, volleyball, handball, football);

— skiing, cross-country, skating training, swimming.

There are various forms of physical education at school: physical education lessons, physical education and health activities during the school day (physical education minutes during the lesson, games and exercises during breaks and in the extended day mode), extracurricular sports and mass work (classes in physical education clubs and sports sections, sports competitions). After-school educational institutions carry out sports and mass work at the place of residence of students, in children's and youth sports schools, children's clubs, tourist stations, sports societies. Students independently engage in physical exercises at home, on school and yard playgrounds, stadiums, in parks, etc.

The main organizational and methodological principle of implementing physical education for schoolchildren is the differentiated use of physical education equipment in classes with students of different ages and genders, taking into account their health status and level of physical fitness. Regular medical monitoring of schoolchildren's health is of great importance.

Physical education lessons are the main organizational form of physical education for schoolchildren. They are held systematically throughout the school year, taking into account the season for a particular area and the state of the educational and material base.

Physical education lessons consist of three parts in structure:

1. Preparatory (8-12 min.). The teacher organizes students, explains the task of the lesson, prepares them psychologically and physiologically (warm-up) to perform the tasks of the lesson.

2. Main (25-30 min.). Provides for the study, improvement, performance for assessment of physical exercises, development of motor qualities, formation of correct posture, etc.

3. Final (3-5 min.). The teacher gradually reduces the physical load, bringing the student's body to a relatively calm state, summarizes the lesson, gives homework.

The following methods of organizing students in a physical education lesson are most often used: frontal (simultaneous performance of exercises by students); streaming (students perform exercises one after another in turn); shift (students are divided into shifts that perform exercises in turn); group (provides for the division of students in the class into groups, each of which is engaged in a separate exercise); individual (used when students perform exercises for assessment, when compiling educational standards); circular training (characterized by the fact that students in small groups perform a certain number of different exercises sequentially, moving "in a circle" from one specially prepared place for performing a certain exercise to another).

Extracurricular work on the physical education of students includes classes in physical education clubs and sports sections, sports competitions, school sports competitions, physical education holidays, tourism.

Natural factors are an important means of strengthening health, hardening the body and increasing the child's working capacity.

In general, the implementation of a complex of educational tasks is reduced to the use of the following main factors:

— the study of academic disciplines (identifying the potential educational opportunities of the subject, including them in the content of the lesson, implementing them during its conduct, taking into account the age and individual characteristics of students);

— extracurricular and extracurricular educational work (selecting general methods, forms of educational work that are better suited for a certain direction of education and the age of children);

— involving students in various types of practical activities (contributes to the formation of skills and habits of appropriate behavior);

— involving the family and the public in the implementation of educational work.


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Its task is to create optimal conditions for ensuring optimal physical development of the individual, preserving his health, obtaining knowledge about the peculiarities of the body, physiological processes in it, acquiring sanitary and hygienic skills and skills of caring for one's own body, maintaining and developing its potential capabilities. The main means of physical education at school include: — theoretical information (general hygiene and physical exercises, information necessary for independent physical exercises); — gymnastics classes (exercises that contribute to the general physical development of schoolchildren: general developmental, exercises for forming correct posture, acrobatic, dance exercises, exercises for developing balance, vaulting); — athletics classes (various types of running, long and high jumps, long-distance throwing); — outdoor games (development of students' intelligence, agility, speed of action, education of discipline); — sports games (basketball, volleyball, handball, football); — skiing, cross-country, skating training, swimming. There are various forms of physical education at school: physical education lessons, physical education and health activities during the school day (physical education minutes during the lesson, games and exercises during breaks and in the extended day mode), extracurricular sports and mass work (classes in physical education clubs and sports sections, sports competitions). After-school educational institutions carry out sports and mass work at the place of residence of students, in children's and youth sports schools, children's clubs, tourist stations, sports societies. Students independently engage in physical exercises at home, on school and yard playgrounds, stadiums, in parks, etc. The main organizational and methodological principle of implementing physical education for schoolchildren is the differentiated use of physical education equipment in classes with students of different ages and genders, taking into account their health status and level of physical fitness. Regular medical monitoring of schoolchildren's health is of great importance. Physical education lessons are the main organizational form of physical education for schoolchildren. They are held systematically throughout the school year, taking into account the season for a particular area and the state of the educational and material base. Physical education lessons consist of three parts in structure: 1. Preparatory (8-12 min.). The teacher organizes students, explains the task of the lesson, prepares them psychologically and physiologically (warm-up) to perform the tasks of the lesson. 2. Main (25-30 min.). Provides for the study, improvement, performance for assessment of physical exercises, development of motor qualities, formation of correct posture, etc. 3. Final (3-5 min.). The teacher gradually reduces the physical load, bringing the student's body to a relatively calm state, summarizes the lesson, gives homework. The following methods of organizing students in a physical education lesson are most often used: frontal (simultaneous performance of exercises by students); streaming (students perform exercises one after another in turn); shift (students are divided into shifts that perform exercises in turn); group (provides for the division of students in the class into groups, each of which is engaged in a separate exercise); individual (used when students perform exercises for assessment, when compiling educational standards); circular training (characterized by the fact that students in small groups perform a certain number of different exercises sequentially, moving "in a circle" from one specially prepared place for performing a certain exercise to another). Extracurricular work on the physical education of students includes classes in physical education clubs and sports sections, sports competitions, school sports competitions, physical education holidays, tourism. Natural factors are an important means of strengthening health, hardening the body and increasing the child's working capacity. In general, the implementation of a complex of educational tasks is reduced to the use of the following main factors: — the study of academic disciplines (identifying the potential educational opportunities of the subject, including them in the content of the lesson, implementing them during its conduct, taking into account the age and individual characteristics of students); — extracurricular and extracurricular educational work (selecting general methods, forms of educational work that are better suited for a certain direction of education and the age of children); — involving students in various types of practical activities (contributes to the formation of skills and habits of appropriate behavior); — involving the family and the public in the implementation of educational work.
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