Methodology for organizing and conducting physical education minutes and physical education breaks for preschool and primary school children
Traditional physical education is carried out during classes, when children are in a sitting position, in order to relieve fatigue. Physical education primarily has a positive effect on the emotional state, ensures the restoration of working capacity, improves children's mood, reduces static loads, thereby preventing posture disorders. The task of the teacher is precisely to optimize this form of physical education and health work in order to achieve the maximum health effect. The set of exercises also includes elements of reflexology, that is, a set of methods of targeted, mainly point, action on the body by irritating the receptor apparatus of the skin and related tissues. This method (acupressure) has an effect through the so-called active points. In response to irritation of certain active points, reactions occur in the body that ensure its adaptation to changes in the external environment, and other protective reactions, the activity of internal organs is activated, muscle tone is regulated, neuropsychic tension is reduced, and relaxation is achieved.
The effect (management of vital energy) largely depends on the point. Thus, by acting on the active zones of the foot - this switchboard - you can "connect" to any organ of the human body and stimulate or inhibit its activity. The action on the active zones of the knee joint helps to increase the body's resistance to viral and allergic diseases, since irritation of these zones leads to an increase in the synthesis of interferon. The fingers are endowed with a large number of receptors that send impulses to the central nervous system. Pressing the middle finger stimulates the brain, reduces blood pressure; by acting on the little finger, you can improve mental activity. By massaging biologically active points on the auricle, you can quickly raise the tone of the nervous system, relieve fatigue, and mobilize the functions of systems that limit performance.
The complex also includes breathing exercises that cause emotional upliftment in children, improve oxygen exchange, and have a health-improving effect.
Methodology for conducting physical education breaks
Physical education breaks are held in each lesson between the 20th and 25th minutes for 1.5-2 minutes. Each complex of physical education breaks consists of 5-6 exercises, repeated 5-6 times, of which 3 exercises are from the proposed ones (one from each block).
A teacher, trainer-teacher of combat horting, working in a preschool or in a general educational institution with primary school students, must study all the material - including the theoretical justifications for each exercise, interest and encourage children to perform the exercises.
Complex of exercises for inclusion in physical education breaks
Exercise 1. Action by pressing the fingers.
Fingers are endowed with a large number of receptors that send impulses to the central nervous system. Fingers are “feedback paths” with certain organs. For example, pressing on the middle finger tones the brain, reduces high blood pressure, and by acting on the little finger, you can improve activity. It is necessary to use pressing on the fingers in combination with breathing exercises, and these actions significantly improve the well-being of children. You should press from the finger to the tip, including the pad, in 3-4 steps. You need to press the finger alternately on the back, and then on the sides of the fingers. The duration of pressing is 3 seconds, the force is medium. The fingers of both hands are processed alternately.
Exercise 2. Effect on active points of the feet.
By pressing on the active points of the sole, we stimulate the functions of many internal organs. In order to have a general effect on all active points of the soles, you should roll the stick while sitting. Duration – 2–3 minutes. Narrow longitudinal strips of plastic are glued to an ordinary stick. Rolling such a stick will have a stronger effect on the active points.
Massage of the reflexogenic zones of the foot is a special way to combat fatigue. Zonal self-massage of the sole has a powerful toning, strengthening effect.
Exercise 3. Massage of biologically active points on the auricle.
With the help of their massage, you can quickly raise the general tone of the nervous system, relieve fatigue, mobilize the functions of systems that limit performance.
Carefully massage the auricle from the top to the lobe with medium pressure. Duration – 10-15 s.
Exercise 4. V.P.: sitting at a desk, legs bent, hands on knees. “Rolling” feet from heel to toe. Massage biologically active knee zones with hands. Massage duration – 8 s.
Exercise 5. “Elephant”. Standing, legs shoulder-width apart or sitting, press your head to your shoulder and look around the room (classroom). Try to move your entire upper body, as if drawing a “figure eight”. During the movement, extend your arm and look at your fingers. If the entire arm is in the field of view of the movement, then the exercise is done well. Repeat with the other hand.
Exercise 6. “Owl”. Grasp your shoulder and “stretch” the muscles. Turn your head and look over one shoulder, then over the other. Lower your head to your chest, breathe deeply, relaxing your muscles. Repeat the exercise, stretching the other shoulder.
Exercise 7. Creative image - "Horting coach". Sitting at a desk, lower your head on your hands, close your eyes, relax and think only about the combat horting coach (creative image). The image can be changed, for example, to "grandmother", "grandfather", "green Christmas tree" or "sun".
"Horting Encyclopedia"
Eduard Yeromenko
© 2014