Classification of strong-willed personality qualities
The will to win is considered one of the main qualities that horting educates. But not only to win over an opponent in a duel, but also to win over oneself, over one's negative qualities. This is achieved by methods of body training and the acquisition of willful qualities inherent in martial arts, which has deep historical roots and a practical educational feature - the philosophy of the chosen life path. In this sense and direction, one can qualify the willful qualities of a person. The uniqueness of a person's activity is embodied precisely in the willful qualities of a person. Willful qualities are relatively stable, independent of a specific situation, mental formations that testify to the level of conscious self-regulation of behavior achieved by a person, its power over itself. Individual features of will are inherent in individual people. Positive qualities include such qualities as perseverance, purposefulness, endurance, etc. Qualities that characterize the weakness of the will of a person are defined by such concepts as unprincipledness, lack of initiative, intemperance, timidity, stubbornness, etc.
Basal volitional qualities. The list of positive and negative volitional qualities is very large, so let's consider the main ones. The most precise classification of volitional qualities was made by V.K. Kalin. Such volitional qualities as energy, patience, endurance and courage are attributed to the basal primary qualities of a person, and the functional manifestations of these qualities are unidirectional regulatory actions of consciousness, which take the form of volitional effort.
Energetics is understood as the ability to quickly raise activity to the required level by volitional effort.
Patience is defined as the ability to maintain, through auxiliary volitional effort, the intensity of work at a given level under conditions of internal obstacles, for example, with fatigue, bad mood, with minor painful manifestations, or unwillingness to train.
Restraint is the ability to quickly inhibit, weaken, slow down actions, feelings and thoughts that interfere with the implementation of a decision by willful effort.
Courage is the ability to maintain the stability of the organization of mental functions and not reduce the quality of activity in the event of a danger to life, health or prestige. In other words, courage is associated with the ability to resist fear and take justified risks for a specific goal.
Systemic volitional qualities
The remaining manifestations of volitional regulation of the personality are more complex. They represent certain combinations of unidirectional manifestations of consciousness. The systematic nature of volitional qualities is associated with a wide range of functional manifestations of different spheres - volitional, emotional, intellectual. Such volitional qualities are secondary, systemic. Thus, courage includes courage, endurance, energy as components; determination - endurance and courage.
A whole range of volitional qualities of the personality are systemic - perseverance, discipline, independence, purposefulness, initiative, organization. It is important to know that basal (primary) volitional qualities form the basis of systemic (secondary) qualities, their core. A low level of some basal qualities greatly complicates the formation of more complex, systemic volitional qualities.
Purposefulness is a person's ability to be guided in his actions and deeds by general and stable goals, determined by his firm convictions. A purposeful person always relies on a general, often distant goal and subordinates his specific goal to it. Such a person knows well what he wants to achieve and what he should do. Clarity of the goal - this is his dignity.
Perseverance is the ability to constantly and continuously achieve a goal, without reducing energy in the fight against difficulties. A persistent person correctly assesses circumstances, finds in them what helps to achieve the goal. Such a person is capable of long-term and unwavering energy, unwavering movement towards the intended goal.
The opposite manifestations of persistence are stubbornness and negativism, which indicate shortcomings of will. A stubborn person defends his wrong positions, despite reasonable arguments.
Principledness is the ability of a person to be guided in their actions by stable principles, beliefs in the appropriateness of certain moral norms of behavior that regulate relationships between people. Principledness is manifested in stable discipline of behavior, in truthful, sensitive actions. An unprincipled person has the opposite qualities to these.
The volitional qualities that most characterize the willpower of a person include independence and initiative.
Independence is the ability to do one's actions without the help of others, as well as the ability to be critical of other people's influences, evaluating them in accordance with one's views and beliefs. The independence of a person is manifested in the ability to organize activities on one's own initiative, set a goal, and, if necessary, make changes to one's behavior. An independent person does not wait for tips or instructions from other people, actively defends one's own views, can be an organizer, and lead oneself to the realization of the goal.
Initiative is the ability to find new, unconventional solutions and means of implementing them. Opposite qualities are lack of initiative and dependence. A person without initiative is easily influenced by other people, their actions, deeds, questions his own decisions, is not sure of their correctness and necessity. These qualities are especially pronounced in the form of suggestion.
One of the important volitional qualities of a person is his determination.
Determination is the ability to make well-considered decisions, to consistently implement them in life. Indecision is a manifestation of weakness of will. An indecisive person is inclined either to reject the final decision-making, or to endlessly revise it.
The will of an individual is also characterized by its organization, which consists in the ability of a person to be guided in his behavior by a firmly planned plan. This quality requires the ability not only to steadfastly implement his plan, but also to show the necessary flexibility when changing the circumstances of reality.