Studying the information necessary for the practical implementation of tactical preparedness
The tasks of this area of tactical training are to collect and process information about potential opponents, the environment and conditions of future competitions. The most important information about opponents is information about physical fitness, technical and tactical manner of conducting competitive struggle, personal characteristics of the state of moral-volitional and mental qualities.
To collect information about potential opponents, conversations are used, viewing training sessions and competitions, and their analysis. Collecting information about the environment and conditions of future competitions, necessary for creating conditions in training adequate to the conditions of future competitions, is also a very important section of the athlete's tactical training. Here it is necessary to take into account the terms, place and time of the competition, climatic conditions (temperature, humidity, altitude above sea level), the quantitative and qualitative composition of participants, judges, the condition of sports facilities.
A combat horting athlete must consistently master certain sections:
be aware of the general provisions of tactics;
to study the essence and laws of competitions;
to know the methods and possibilities of tactics perfectly;
to study the tactical experience of the strongest rivals;
to have the skills of practical implementation of elements, methods, techniques, variants of tactics in the conditions of training sessions and competitions;
to study the strengths and weaknesses of opponents, their tactical, physical and volitional readiness and tactical arsenal of conducting fights;
to be able to develop tactics for the upcoming competition taking into account the conditions of the competition, the strengths and capabilities of future rivals;
to conduct an analysis, analysis of the conduct of fights in past competitions, the effectiveness of the chosen tactics and all its components.
In this case, it is necessary to focus on the choice of tasks:
the choice of a strategic line of the fight, consisting of a system of local tasks that are solved in each period of the fight, because, with their favorable implementation, the combat horting athlete will be accompanied by success;
creating a favorable dynamic situation with adequate tactical means or using deceptive actions against the opponent for the purpose of an effective attacking technique;
realizing personal technical and tactical potential in unfavorable conditions of the fight for the opponent (movement, stance, crown technique, combination, etc.);
selecting defensive actions that neutralize the opponent's main attacking techniques.
An important role in training and improving tactical and technical actions belongs to the correct selection of means and methods that ensure the optimal development of the motor and coordination abilities of the combat horting athlete. The content of the technical and tactical training program in combat horting includes studying the basic elements of fighting in a stance (hitting with hands and feet, defenses against them, throws and takedowns, counterattacks to throws, combinations of hits with hands and feet, combinations of hits and throws). Differences in the basic part of the programs of combat horting athletes of different skill levels can only be in the ratio and percentage of certain technical and tactical actions.
Planning a fight. The main task of tactical training of a combat horting athlete is the correct planning of the fight and the implementation of the plan. All tactical training must be subordinated to the ability to fight with different opponents, the ability to impose on them your manner of fighting in order to carry out your techniques, which the combat horting athlete owns confidently and accurately. If the opponent is unknown, it is necessary to spend time on reconnaissance in the fight.
Before a fight with a known opponent, a combat horting athlete should prepare in such a way as to use his strengths and weaknesses with the greatest success. Depending on the opponent's fighting style, his favorite techniques, the specifics of striking and throwing, moral and volitional qualities and other factors, it is necessary to think over the methods of defense, attack and counterattack.
If it is known that the opponent prefers to fight more at close range, it is necessary to impose a fight at a long distance on him, to put him in less favorable conditions. If the opponent is left-handed, tries to fight at a long distance, uses his stronger left hand for striking actions, then it is necessary to approach with strong pressure, active actions and develop your attacks there, neutralize his striking strong left hand.
Thus, it is necessary to create a model of your actions against each potential opponent separately. There are opponents who rarely change their usual tactics. In this case, you can immediately act clearly and decisively. In a fight with an opponent who is tactically stronger and more versatile, who deliberately changes tactics during the fight, you should act very carefully, inventively and selectively, without losing the initiative, implementing the planned plans.
When building a plan for a fight, you should count on winning on points, if you fail to deliver a blow that will put the opponent in a state of incapacitation, perform a throw or perform a painful or suffocating technique. Tactical preparation for a fight should be done during training, mainly in the pre-competition period, on the eve of the tournament, when future opponents are known. The main tactical preparation should be active-offensive and active-defensive tactics.
Style and manner of conducting a fight. The style of fighting in combat horting is defined as a set of technical and tactical features formed as a result of a certain direction in the methodology of training and training of combat horting athletes. The most striking manifestation of the style can be observed in individual athletes who are members of the national team of Ukraine in combat horting.
For example, some athletes prefer to fight at long distances. Maneuvering on the horting, they outwit their opponent, keep straight, counterattack well, and are active. When approaching, they are able to fight at medium and close distances, but still prefer long-distance fights.
The style of others is continuous attacks, the desire to deliver a strong knockout blow, and a fast pace of the fight, which requires a high level of physical fitness. There is a style characterized by composure, good protection with hands and torso, fast movement with short steps, soft and leisurely approach with the expectation of a strong blow.
The style of fighting is greatly influenced by the traditions of combat horting, the culture of athletes of a certain region, the temperament and tastes of spectators, competition rules and refereeing. The style does not exclude some deviations in individual combat horting athletes, due to their individual characteristics.
The school of combat horting is created by various coaches and athletes as a result of great creative work, experiments, research, observations, development of rules, which, first of all, set the task of physical training and strengthening the health of combat horting athletes, reducing the number of injuries, as well as the objective attitude of spectators and combat horting fans to the results of the fight.
The characteristic features of combat horting are an active-offensive form of combat using various means, skillful conduct of competitive wrestling in the standing position and on the ground, which requires the use of powerful throwing techniques, the transfer of the opponent to the ground and, at the same time, the desire for a strong and accurate blow with the hands and feet.
Each combat horting athlete, no matter what style he belongs to, has his own individual, unique manner of conducting a fight. The manner of conducting a fight can find its expression both in technique and in tactics. Most tall combat horting athletes conduct a fight at a long distance with direct blows, and then move on to wrestling, but short, stocky athletes strive for rapprochement.
For example, a style can be considered an active beginning or end of a fight, or an attack with a direct right blow to the head with a movement to the right side, or an attempt to suddenly break the distance from close to medium, quickly, when leaving, deliver two or three blows and re-enter close range, or increase the number of explosive actions until the end of the fight, delivering a series of blows after a series when the opponent is tired, and then go for a throw with the continuation of the crown painful or suffocating reception on the ground, which has been practiced one hundred percent in advance.
The individual manner of conducting a fight is characterized by the typological properties of the nervous system (temperament, will, reaction speed, speed of movement, sense of distance, strength and sense of impact, rapid execution of their grabs and implementation of tactical recaptures, etc.), which determine the originality of the activity of a combat horting athlete, his desire to solve the task by the most convenient means for himself, using his constitutional and physical data and technical and tactical capabilities.
Skilled combat horting athletes are distinguished by their refined technique and prudent tactics. Representatives of power combat horting mainly have developed resilience and endurance. Their tactics are monotonous and are expressed in the desire to suppress the opponent with pace, continuous attacks or sharp blows, as well as deceptive blows, to throw and continue attacking on the ground.
But there are tempo athletes who do not calculate their strength. They are characterized by disregard for defense. They are less likely to win major competitions, as they spend a lot of energy and cannot withstand the tension they create in fights until the end of the tournament, giving victory to athletes who, due to their extensive competitive experience, calculate their strength and wait for the moment to weaken their opponent. However, such athletes are dangerous opponents.
Athletes who meet in a fight with them need to carefully develop their tactics and master such a technique and such a level of physical training to be able to withstand the energy and pressure of the athlete-cutter. Analysis of competitive fights of many combat horting athletes shows that the described basic types of tactics are manifested differently in different athletes. The fight of each of them is distinguished by its originality, individual characteristics, which nature has awarded each athlete, and he himself, with the help of a coach, has developed and improved them.
The individual style of the opponent is always one of the complex motives for solving his tactical tasks. The more unusual, non-standard actions a combat horting athlete displays, the more difficult it is to wage a competitive struggle with him, the more difficult it is to create a model of one's tactical actions against him. Therefore, when teaching combat horting techniques, the coach should determine the student's abilities as early as possible, grasp his technical-tactical, physical and psychological characteristics, develop and improve actions that are unique to him, and form an individual style of fighting.
Depending on the characteristics of the combat horting school, as well as on the athlete's individuality, his physique, physical development, will, and motor capabilities, each athlete develops his own, unique individual style (manner) of fighting, and therefore individual tactics. Depending on the style of fighting and on what distances it takes place, the fight is actively offensive or positional (actively defensive) in nature.
Active-offensive tactics. Active-offensive tactics are typical for most combat horting athletes. Its distinctive features are: moving forward, seizing the initiative with frequent exit to the striking distance with the implementation of attacking or counter-attacking striking actions, taking a hold, performing a throw, performing a painful or suffocating reception on the ground.
The fight is conducted at long, medium and close distances. At long distances, maneuvering and individual strikes are carried out. Combat horting athletes who adhere to the active-offensive tactics of conducting the fight, along with attacking ones, often carry out counter and corresponding strikes (tactics of a strong blow and pace), then take an attacking hold and perform a throw. This is followed by a practiced reception on the ground. Active-offensive tactics can lead to the formation of both a skillful and a power style of combat horting.
Active-defensive tactics. Active-defensive positional tactics are characterized by the maneuvering of a combat horting athlete at a long defensive distance in order to preserve it. If a fight is imposed on an athlete at a medium distance, he uses combined defenses or enters a clinch.
Attacks and counterattacks are carried out without developing a fight at medium and close distances with a mandatory subsequent return to a long distance. In the event of an opponent intercepting an attack, the athlete defends with a counterattack or uses a clinch - he comes close to the opponent, after which he goes to a long distance.
Positional tactics are based on using the opponent's mistakes during his active actions and challenging him to these actions (a game style of conducting a fight) and are characteristic mainly of combat horting athletes of a counterattacking style of conducting a fight.
Conducting a fight against a tempo fighter. In competitions, athletes are often found who actively approach, acting at a fast pace at a medium distance with a series of blows, and trying to win the fight by delivering a large number of blows. They offer a high, unbearable pace for the opponent from the very beginning of the fight, gradually reducing it by the end of the second half of the fight or, conversely, gradually increasing the pace.
The tactics of a combat horting athlete in a fight with such an opponent is to save their strength until the end of the fight and score points at the moment of the fight when the opponent offers a low pace. At the same moments, where the pace is unbearable, the combat horting athlete should try not to lose individual episodes of the fight, or lose them minimally, tiring the opponent with their actions at a distance that is not typical for him.
The actions of the combat horting athlete in this case consist of fast, varied and wide maneuvering mainly at long distances in combination with defense by steps back and to the sides, evasions, dives under blows, body deflections, with the help of which the athlete avoids blows and rapprochement. Maneuvering is accompanied by counter blows, fast, sharp attacks, mainly long blows.
The combat horting athlete strives not to linger at the opponent's distance and after each attack or counterattack goes to a long distance. He develops attacks at medium distances with fast blows in combination with defense - mainly evasions and body deflections, sometimes supports, immediately moving away after blows to prevent the opponent from gaining a foothold at a distance convenient for him.
Conducting a fight against the striker. Well-trained combat horting athletes, who possess strong and sharp blows, can offer their opponent a quick start tactic, trying to stun him from the very first seconds of the fight, deliver a strong blow and achieve a quick victory.
The athlete's tactic, directed against an aggressively attacking opponent who delivers strong, sweeping blows and expects quick success, is to wait out the flurry of the opponent's blows, tire and demoralize him, and only then proceed to decisive action himself.
To do this, the combat horting athlete, defending himself from frequent blows and combining defenses with retreats back and to the sides, which forces the opponent to miss and strike blows in the air, delivers blows during retreats and stops the opponent's attack with counter-strikes. If a combat horting athlete does not have time to escape from his opponent's swift attacks, he parries his blows with holds or counterattacks, or enters a clinch.
Fighting against a technical athlete. Many technically trained combat horting athletes prefer to attack from a long distance and immediately after the attack move away from the opponent to the same distance. Such athletes usually skillfully maneuver and disorient the opponent, easily and quickly moving in different directions and changing the distance. A technically versatile athlete, combining feints and light strikes with fast and unexpected attacks, often uses a sharp change in the pace of actions for this.
For example, from a relatively slow pace, he switches to a rapid one, taking the opponent by surprise. Such a combat horting athlete, after carrying out his attack or counterattack, does not linger near the opponent, but instantly goes to a long distance. If he does not have time to escape from the opponent's attack or counterattack, he defends himself with supports or uses a clinch and moves into a fight for a hold, and then tries to make a throw that will probably pass.
The tactics of conducting a fight against such an opponent are to neutralize him, deprive him of the advantage in maneuver speed, and impose a medium or close distance that is not typical for him.
For this purpose, combat horting athletes use:
active rapprochement with accompanying defenses;
various movements;
quick corresponding counterattacks;
counter-preemptive strikes;
use of a close distance of the fight, etc.
Conducting a fight against an opponent who works from a counterattack.
Combat horting athletes who plan a fight on counterattacks are among the most dangerous and skilled, since, possessing high speed, they skillfully challenge the opponent to attacks and immediately interrupt these attacks with defense and counterattack. The tactics of conducting a fight against such an opponent is to force him to fight in a manner that is not typical for him and at a distance that is not familiar to him.
For this, the following are used:
challenges, i.e. false attacks and openings with subsequent counterattacks that develop at long and medium distances;
free defenses that accompany attacking actions - rapprochement, attacks and counterattacks;
combinations of strikes and defenses during the development of attacks and counterattacks;
unexpected attacks with rapid movement forward and subsequent development;
close combat.
An experienced combat horting athlete will be able to force the opponent to attack, that is, force him to act in an unusual manner, and then interrupt the attack with a sharp and quick counterattack in response, achieving success.
Conducting a fight against an opponent of a combination fight - a universal
This is the most diverse tactic of combat horting athletes who use a combination fight. Such athletes can be both with a strong blow and without it, but they all win the fight by achieving an advantage in points. Such athletes act confidently at all distances, maneuver well and skillfully use all combat means, combining different tactical settings - beating and a strong blow, pace with a blow, throwing techniques, ground techniques, etc.
It is the combination fight that reveals the skill of the combat horting athlete, which allows him to resist any type of tactics and skillfully solve a variety of tactical tasks that arise during the fight. The main tactical task of the athlete who fights with an opponent who uses a combination fight is to find out the features of the fight, that is, the preferred distance, the applied striking and throwing techniques, the distance for the decisive blow, in order to oppose the opponent also with a combination style of fighting, but aimed at neutralizing and restraining his main actions or crown techniques and practiced combinations of techniques.
It is also important to impose on the opponent a pace that is not typical for him. Actions in this case depend on the characteristics of the opponent and his fighting style. The combat horting athlete can use all the main types of tactics. If he also has a strong blow, he must be protected from a possible blow and fight at a distance from which it is difficult for the opponent to deliver it, and it is necessary to change the distance precisely at those moments when the opponent intends to deliver his strong blow.
Thus, only the main types of tactics that are most often encountered are noted. In combat practice, there are much more of them, but in their essence they are always more or less similar to those described. However, combat horting athletes use different types of tactics in different ways. It is very rare to meet an athlete who acts in the same manner from beginning to end.
During a fight, under the influence of the situation and due to the need to counteract the opponent, a combat horting athlete often changes his usual manner of fighting and tactics, finds new combat means in order to put the opponent in a difficult position, get out of a difficult situation himself, or adapt to changes in the opponent's tactics.
Thus, taking into account the fact that each athlete has individual morphological, physical, sensorimotor, neuro-typological, psychological characteristics, the style of conducting the fight will be determined by them.
Therefore, the features of conducting the fight, depending on the quality of training and functional characteristics, form the individual style of the combat horting athlete.
"Horting Encyclopedia"
Eduard Yeromenko
© 2014
