Strategy of a highly qualified horting athlete in the process of competitive training
When preparing a combat horting athlete for competitions, it is important to adhere to the basic principles and measures that can be classified in time, linked to the strategy of preparation in a multi-year training cycle, a sports year, for a certain competition. All data about oneself and about the opponent should be of equal interest to both the athlete and the coach. These are the forces and means, one's own and the opponent's, that which the combat horting athlete is able to implement in the conditions of a competitive fight.
Traditionally, it is customary to first assess the opponent's physical qualities. Then the arsenal of his technical actions is established. But the richer the athlete's arsenal of techniques, the more expedient it is to adhere to the principle of detailed study of the opponent's tactics. It is necessary to take into account, on the one hand, the diversity and sometimes unsystematic nature of the lists of qualities necessary for the athlete's activity, and on the other hand, the requirements for the specific activity of combat horting athletes and the need for some simplification of concepts, to which it is expedient to attribute all possible tactical and physical indicators.
Anthropometric data. Important characteristics for the success of performances at competitions for a combat horting athlete are anthropometric data, body constitution and morphofunctional indicators.
Height, length of body parts, distribution of centers of mass in body parts, location of the general center of gravity - these features require adjustments to the biomechanical structure of the combat techniques.
Physical qualities. The success of the competitive activity of a combat horting athlete provides a high level of development of physical qualities.
Strength - the basis for performing any action with moving oneself, moving one's limbs in space. Strength depends on the physiological diameter of the muscles, on the ability to simultaneously include a larger number of muscle fibers, on the ability to neutralize antagonist muscles.
Speed - provides the opportunity to outrun an opponent in simple and complex movements, to prevent him from actually reacting to attacking actions. Speed depends on strength, on the exclusion of antagonist muscles, the quality of nerve conduction pathways, and in multi-joint movement – on the consistency of the inclusion of muscle fibers and groups.
Endurance – provides the ability to fully implement technical skills at any pace throughout the entire fight or competition. Endurance depends on strength, the thickness of the fat layer in the muscles, the adaptive qualities of the cardiovascular system, the adaptive abilities of the vegetative and endocrine systems, the quality of blood exchange, the ability to save energy.
Agility (sensorimotor qualities). To ensure optimal results, the qualities listed above are not enough. In combat horting, it is necessary to determine (feel) when it is possible to make a blow or throw, to react to the attacking or counterattacking action of the opponent. This activity is provided by more complex control mechanisms – sensorimotor. The use of these sensorimotor mechanisms in processing external and internal information, the organization of the most rational appropriate movement provide the combat horting athlete with agility. In other words, agility is the ability to quickly organize movements adequately to the changing situation of the fight. In combat horting, agility depends on:
the ability to maintain stability statically or dynamically;
the level of sensory thresholds;
the speed of simple reaction;
the speed of complex reaction (the ability to quickly choose the desired action and carry it out);
the ability to simulate movements in unfamiliar situations;
the ability to sense the opponent’s future actions (receptive anticipation).
Flexibility – provides a greater amplitude of movements, which allows you to increase the biomechanical parameters of defensive and offensive actions, nullify the opponent’s offensive actions and defense.
Intellectual qualities. The need for a meaningful maneuver, predicting the opponent’s possible actions, masking future actions require ingenuity in a fight (the ability to quickly find solutions in difficult situations).
The ingenuity of a combat horting athlete depends on:
speed of thinking;
memory strength;
logical thinking;
the ability to predict (extrapolate) actions;
the ability to be creative.
Neuro-typological and mental qualities. The above-mentioned qualities of a combat horting athlete in conflict, stressful situations are realized differently, depending on:
type of nervous system;
strength of nervous processes (strong, weak);
mobility of nervous processes (mobile, inert);
the ability to remain in a state of excitement for a long time;
mental qualities that, together with a certain preparation, form the following volitional abilities of a combat horting athlete: endurance, courage, determination, perseverance, purposefulness, independence, etc.
When scouting the opponent's strengths, the coach and athlete have the opportunity to use only such indirect indicators as the opponent's behavior at competitions in general, the manner of contacting future opponents, etc. Such indicators are similar to questionnaire testing methods in psychology, but further development of visual methods of testing all the listed qualities of the opponent is necessary.
A combat horting athlete and coach can state their strengths, more deeply differentiate natural inclinations from acquired qualities, which is very important in planning long-term training. When scouting and analyzing the opponent's technical arsenal and taking into account one's technical capabilities, one should determine the above model of technical and tactical activity in combat horting.
In addition to the established predominant arsenal of attack and defense, the nature of preparatory actions for carrying out the main techniques and the possibilities of combinations of techniques are determined. Based on data on the physical and mental qualities, on the technical arsenal of the athlete and his possible opponents, their integral models are compiled, taking into account possible changes in the final year of the multi-year training cycle. In accordance with them, the combat horting athlete is given tasks to develop or maintain certain physical qualities, enrich the arsenal of basic technical actions or to combine existing techniques with various initial and auxiliary technical actions.
All these measures should ensure the optimal manifestation of one's physical data, one's technical arsenal and minimize their manifestations by the opponent. The same scheme is followed when developing tasks for the sports year and when preparing for a separate competition. Along with ensuring these types of training, measures are taken to mask the course of training.
Thus, the fundamental link that defines the range of all strategic, operational and tactical tasks in combat horting is a formalized model of combat tactics. Its principles are used to build a plan for an athlete's performance at certain competitions, a strategy for a sports year, a multi-year cycle, including issues of long-term technical and functional training, masking one's forces and means, etc.
"Horting Encyclopedia"
Eduard Yeromenko
© 2014
